Dengue virus is a positive–stranded RNA virus. The 11 kb RNA genome encodes for a single polyprotein. This polyprotein is then cleaved in the cytoplasm into three structural and seven non-structural proteins. The structural proteins includes Capsid (C) protein, Membrane (M) protein and Envelope (E) protein. These protein plays an important role in the viral particle formations. The non-structural proteins (NS1, NS2a, NS2b, NS3, NS4a, NS4b, and NS5) are involved in the replication, assembly and immune response escape.

Dengue fever is transmitted by the bite of an Aedes aegypti mosquito infected with a dengue virus. The mosquito becomes infected when it bites a person with dengue virus in their blood. It can’t be spread directly from one person to another person.

Symptoms, which usually begin four to six days after infection and last for up to 10 days, may include

• Sudden, high fever
• Severe headaches
• Pain behind the eyes
• Severe joint and muscle pain
• Fatigue
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Skin rash, which appears two to five days after the onset of fever
• Mild bleeding (such a nose bleed, bleeding gums, or easy bruising)